The different solvent extractants for nickel and cobalt recovery have been studied. Extraction behavior of nickel and cobalt has been carried out with LIX 84 and compared with an our laboratory synthesized  extractants of stearyl ketone to establish on optimum condition for effective separation. Experimental data have been analyzed graphically and numerically to determine the stoichiometry of the extraction species. The synthesized extractant is characterized with I.R. Spectrometer and H1NMR spectrometer. The extraction of nickel and cobalt steryl ketone and LIX 84 proceed through a cation exchange mechanism. Cobalt and Nickel were extracted with steryl ketone and LIX 84 according to the following the reactions
(Co+2)aq  +  2(RH)0rg  = (CoR2)0rg   +  2(H+)aq
(Ni+2)aq   +    2(RH)0rg = (NiR2)0rg   +  2(H+)aq [R= Steryl ketone]
(Co+2)aq  +  2(LH)0rg  = (CoL2)0rg   +  2(H+)aq
(Ni+2)aq   +  2(LH)0rg    = (NiL2)0rg   +  2(H+)aq    [L= LIX 84]
Dependence of the type of extractant and pH on metal recovery is studied and reported.  
 

Anthranilic acid was allowed to react with aroyl chlorides in pyridine to give 2-aryl/heteroaryl -3,1-benzoxazin -4-ones (1a-h). These 1a-h were allowed to react with hydrazine hydrochloride in presence of ethanol to result 3-amino-2 -aryl/heteroaryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones(2a-h). The 2a-h reacted with Furfuraldehyde and yielded 3-Furylidine amino-2-aryl/heteroaryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones (3a-h). Now 3a-h were treated with mercaptoacetic acid in presence of benzene to give 2-Furyl-3-(4-oxo-thiazolidin-3-yl)-2-aryl/heteroaryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones(4a-h). A representative number of synthesised compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities.
 

Kinetic studies of the oxidation of m-hydroxy benzoic acid(m-HBA) by sodium N-bromobenzenesulphonamide (Bromamine-B or BAB) has heen carried out in aqueous HC1O4 medium at (308±0.1K). The reaction shows first order dependence each on [BAB], [m-HBA] and catalyst [Ru(III)]. During the reaction, it is observed that there is an inverse first order with respect to [H+]. The rate remained unchanged with the variation in the ionic strength of the medium for [m-HBA]. The addition of benzene sulphonamide [BSA], which is one of the reaction products, had no significant effect on the reaction rate. Thermodynamic parameters were computed by studying the reaction at different temperatures (303±318K). The rate laws derived are in excellent agreement with the experimental results. A suitable mechanism has been proposed.
Key words : m-hydroxy benzoic acid, N-Bromobenzene sulphonamide, Ru(IIl), Perchloric acid, Kinetics and Mechanism.

A novel organophosphate analogue to ZSM-5 is synthesized for the first time. Characterization shows it contains three organic molecules (n-propylamine) along with one phosphate. XRD, SEM analysis reveals the identity and crystallinity of the molecular sieve. Carbon and nitrogen analysis reveals the elemental composition of the molecular sieve. FT-IR reveals the framework of organo-phosphate is similar to the ZSM-5 zeolite. XPS shows the variation in carbon and oxygen nature of organophosphate with zeolite (ZSM­-5). It also reveals the future of the material in gases like ethylene storage in high pressure.
 

Peptic ulcer is mainly caused by stress and dietary factors. Gastric acid is responsible for peptic ulcer. Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) play important role to suppress the stomach acids. Omeprazole is one of the important PPI drug. The interaction of Cd (11), Co (11), Cu (11), Mn (11) and Zn (11) ions with Omeprazole, in presence of a amino-acid, b-Alanine, has been investigated potentiometrically at 26°C and 36°C  and at 0.1M (NaNO3) ionic strength. The stability constants of the Binary (1:1) and ternary (l:l:l) complexes indicate the stability order as : Co (11)< Cu (11) < Mn (11) < Zn (11) < Cd (11). D log K values obtained are positive and suggest greater stabilisation of ternary complexes. The calculated values of thermodynamic parameters (D G, D H and D S) indicate that the interactions are enthalpy characterised.
 

Substituted hydrazide was refluxed with ethyl aceto acetate in methanol to give compound (a, 1-10). These compounds were treated with araldehyde to yield compounds (b, 1-10). Final compound 6-amino-4-aryl-1-aroyl-5-cyano-3-methyl pyrazole[4, 5 b]-4, 7-dihydropyridine derivatives (d, 1-10), were obtained by condensation of corresponding compounds (b,1-10) with dicyanomethane and ammonium acetate. These final products (d, 1-10) have been characterised by spectral studies and screened for their fungicidal activities.

Groundwater contains fluoride ion dissolved from geological formations. Excessive concentration of fluoride in borewells (groundwater) and drinking water causes dental fluorosis, and also referred to mottling of teeth. Low concentration and absence of fluoride in groundwater results in a high incidence of dental caries in children’s teeth. Hence, it becomes very important to analyse the fluoride in groundwater of Bhopal city. In the present study sodium arsenate, zirconyl acid solution and Alizarin red-S is used in electrode screening method. The fluoride in this study has assessed in the range of 0.008 to 0.660 ppm at different sampling stations, during the year 2004-05.
 

The stability constant of mixed ligand complexes of Cd(II) with aspargin and some bicarboxylic acids (Malonic Acid, L(+)-Tartaric Acid, DL-Malic Acid and Maleic Acid) have been determined electrochemically. The stepwise formation constants of simple Cd-Aspargin and Cd-Bicarboxylic acids have been investigated by Deford and Hume's method. Then the mixed ligand complexes of Cd with aspargin and bicarboxylic acids have been studied by the method of Schaap & McMasters. The mixing constant (KM) and stabilization constant (KS) were measured for the comparison of the simple and mixed ligand complexes. The positive value of mixing constants and stabilization constants show that the ternary complexes are more stable than the binary complexes.             
 

2-Methyl-3-(2-substituted phenoxymetjyl-1, 3, 4-thiodiazolyl-5-yl) quinazolin-4-ones[IV] were synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-5-subsituted phenoxymethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole [II] with substituted 2-methyl anthranil [III]. 2-Amino-5 substituted phenoxy methyl-1, 3, 4-thiadiazoles [II] were obtained by the reaction of substituted phenoxy acids [I] with thiosemicarbazide.
Compounds were screened for their anthelmintic, antibacterial and antiviral activities.
 

Mg/Al hydrotalcite was synthesized by the coprecipitation method using a mixture of NaOH / Na2CO3 as precipitant. The compounds has been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier­transform infrared (FTIR). The condensation between different ketones with various aromatic aldehydes in sealed tube has been carried out in presences the of hydrotalcite under solvent free conditions without the occurrence of any self condensations in high yield.